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Franz von Weyrother (Beč, 1755 – Beč, 16 Veljača 1806) je Austrijski opći za vrijeme francuske revolucionarne rata i Napoleonskih ratova.
Karijera[uredi | uredi kôd]
Weyrother rođen je u Beču kao sin generala konjice Adama von Weyrother. Nakon studija na vojnoj akademiji inženjerstva, ušao je u pješačke pukovnije Franz Moritz von Lacy # 22 kao kadet u 1775. Je promaknut u pukovnika dvije godine kasnije. U kolovoz 1778 bio je imenovan od Wenzel Colloredo ađutant, dužnost je obnašao do 1783.
Weyrother sudjelovao u austro-turskih ratova između 1787 i 1791, bio je pod zapovijedi maršala Maximilian Ulysses Browne povodu zarađivati čin satnika. U 1789 on je unapređen u kapetana za hrabrost pred neprijateljem, za vrijeme austro-osmanskog rata. Godine 1794 bio je general ađutant guvernera tvrđave u Mainzu u prvom koalicije rata. Promaknut u čin majora u 1795, bio ranjen u Weisenau. Nakon oporavka je poslan sudjelovati u Vojsci Rajne pod zapovjedništvom nadvojvode Karla od Austrije. U 1795 je imenovan Vitezom vojni red Marije Terezije.
Italy and Bavaria[uredi | uredi kôd]
In September 1796, Weyrother transferred to Northern Italy where he fought in the Battle of Bassano under Field Marshal Dagobert von Wurmser. Later he served on the staff of Feldzeugmeister József Alvinczi. In this capacity, he helped plan the campaign that ended in a narrow defeat by Bonaparte at the Battle of Arcola.[1] His plan for the Battle of Rivoli provided for three widely separated striking forces and unrealistically called for one flanking column to march across mountainous terrain in January.[2] Rivoli ended in a decisive Austrian defeat and the consequent surrender of the fortress of Mantua.
During the campaign of 1799, Weyrother served as chief of staff to Feldzeugmeister Pál Kray, where he distinguished himself at Legnago (26 March), Magnano (5 April) and Novi (15 August). He also planned an epic march by Russian Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov across the Saint Gotthard Pass. For his conduct in these actions he was promoted to colonel (Oberst), given command of the Schröder Infantry Regiment # 7, and mentioned in dispatches to Kaiser Francis II of Austria by Suvorov. In the fall of 1800, Francis II assigned him to be chief-of-staff to the 18-year old Archduke John of Austria, the new commander of the army in Bavaria. Believing Jean Moreau's French army to be in retreat, Weyrother organized an aggressive pursuit through heavily forested terrain by four non-mutually-supporting columns.[3] Instead, Moreau stood his ground, sprang an ambush, and enveloped the Austrian left flank. The resulting Battle of Hohenlinden turned out to be a catastrophe for the Austrians, effectively ending the War of the Second Coalition.
Napoleonic Wars[uredi | uredi kôd]
When the War of the Third Coalition broke out, Weyrother was promoted to General-Major and at the request of General Mikhail Kutusov he was made chief of staff of the Austro-Russian army. In this capacity he was responsible for the conception of the allied plan which was defeated by Emperor Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz.[4] Two and a half months after the battle, Weyrother died aged 51 in Vienna.
References[uredi | uredi kôd]
- Arnold, James R. Marengo & Hohenlinden. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword, 2005. ISBN 1-84415-279-0
- Boycott-Brown, Martin. The Road to Rivoli. London: Cassell & Co., 2001. ISBN 0-304-35305-1
- Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan, 1966.
Footnotes[uredi | uredi kôd]
External references[uredi | uredi kôd]
Weyrother by Digby Smith, compiled by Leopold Kudrna
de:Franz von Weyrother es:Von Weyrother fr:Franz von Weyrother ru:Вейротер, Франц фон