Zakon o otocima s guanom: razlika između inačica

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Inačica od 22. ožujka 2021. u 00:17

Zakon o otocima s guanom (Guano Islands Act) je zakon kojeg je donio američki Kongres 18. kolovoza 1856. , omogućujući državljanima SAD-a prelaženje u posjed otoka, koji su imali naslage guana. Predmetni otoci su mogli biti bilo gdje, i pod uvjetom da nisu pod pravnom nadležnošću (jurisdikcijom) drugih vlada.

Također je davalo ovlasti predsjedniku SAD-a uporabu vojne sile za zaštitu interesa svojih građana po tom pitanju.

Hrvatski prijevod (otprilike i ugrubo; vidi odricanje od odgovornosti dolje u dnu članka)

Kadgod itkoji građanin SAD-a otkrije naslage guana na bilo kojem otoku, greben ili hridi (key=mali, niski otok), koji nije pod zakonitom pravnom nadležnošću (jurisdikcijom) bilo koje vlade, i nije zaposjednut od strane građana itkoje druge vlade, i pređe u mirni posjed istog, i zauzme isti, takvi otok, greben ili hrid, prema diskreciji Predsjednika, će biti smatrano pripadajućim SAD-u. (prvi odjeljak Zakona o otocima s guanom)

Engleski izvornik:
Whenever any citizen of the United States discovers a deposit of guano on any island, rock, or key, not within the lawful jurisdiction of any other Government, and not occupied by the citizens of any other Government, and takes peaceable possession thereof, and occupies the same, such island, rock, or key may, at the discretion of the President, be considered as appertaining to the United States. (first section of Guano Islands Act)

Vanjske poveznice

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@@ Redak 14: / Redak 14: @@
 ==Background==
-In the early 19th century, [[guano]] came to be prized as an agricultural fertilizer. In [[1855]], the U.S. learned of rich guano deposits on islands in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. Congress passed the Guano Islands Act to take advantage of these deposits.
+In the early 19th century, [[guano]] came to be prized as an agricultural fertilizer. In [[1855.]], the U.S. learned of rich guano deposits on islands in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. Congress passed the Guano Islands Act to take advantage of these deposits.
 The act specifically allowed the islands to be considered a possession of the U.S., but it also provided that the U.S. was not obliged to retain possession after the guano was exhausted. However, it did not specify what the status of the territory was after it was abandoned by private U.S. interests.
@@ Redak 20: / Redak 20: @@
 This is the beginning of the concept of [[insular area]]s in U.S. territories. Up to this time, any territory acquired by the U.S. was considered to have become an integral part of the country unless changed by treaty, and to eventually have the opportunity to become a state of the Union. With insular areas, land could be held by the federal government without the prospect of it ever becoming a state in the Union. Such insular areas are also known as [[unincorporated territory]].
-More than 50 islands were eventually claimed. Of those remaining under U.S. control are [[Baker Island]], [[Jarvis Island]], [[Howland Island]], [[Kingman Reef]], [[Johnston Atoll]], and [[Midway Atoll]]. Others are no longer considered [[Political divisions of the United States#Territories of the United States|U.S. Territory]]. Possession of [[Navassa Island]] is currently disputed with [[Haiti]]. An even more complicated case probably unresolved until now seems to be the [[Serranilla Bank]] and the [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]. In [[1971]], the U.S. and [[Honduras]] signed a treaty recognizing Honduran sovereignty over the [[Swan Islands]].
+More than 50 islands were eventually claimed. Of those remaining under U.S. control are [[Baker Island]], [[Jarvis Island]], [[Howland Island]], [[Kingman Reef]], [[Johnston Atoll]], and [[Midway Atoll]]. Others are no longer considered [[Political divisions of the United States#Territories of the United States|U.S. Territory]]. Possession of [[Navassa Island]] is currently disputed with [[Haiti]]. An even more complicated case probably unresolved until now seems to be the [[Serranilla Bank]] and the [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]. In [[1971.]], the U.S. and [[Honduras]] signed a treaty recognizing Honduran sovereignty over the [[Swan Islands]].
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